# Provenance and licence

## Data

- **File:** `global-electricity-mix.csv` — World aggregate, one row per year, 1985–2025, 41 rows. SHA-256 `6c128dbbc0e6685e644acdfa561f7445e9e7d1680edb94afd8518351ec96c76b`.
- **Copied from:** the DataPressr dataset [`global-electricity-mix`](https://github.com/datasets/datapressr/tree/main/datasets/energy-and-commodities/global-electricity-mix) (file `data/global-electricity-mix.csv`, last changed in DataPressr commit `aab3b3d`), byte-for-byte.
- **Built by:** [`build.ts`](https://github.com/datasets/datapressr/blob/main/datasets/energy-and-commodities/global-electricity-mix/build.ts), which filters the World rows of the source file below and renames columns (`solar_electricity` → `solar_electricity_twh`, `solar_share_elec` → `solar_share_elec_pct`, and so on). No values are recalculated or interpolated.
- **Source file:** Our World in Data, [Energy dataset](https://github.com/owid/energy-data), `owid-energy-data.csv`, raw URL `https://raw.githubusercontent.com/owid/energy-data/master/owid-energy-data.csv`.
- **Retrieved:** 2026-11-02. Snapshot SHA-256 `266f2e2baad7975351bc9bb4aa061d22b1da9fe4c47d51d2ac6071e01e171f76` (9,229,369 bytes); archived in the DataPressr repository. The file at the same URL was byte-identical when rechecked on 2026-11-07.
- **Underlying sources (compiled by Our World in Data):** [Ember, Yearly Electricity Data](https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/) for recent years; [Energy Institute, Statistical Review of World Energy](https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review) for earlier years. For this World series, OWID uses Ember from 2000 onward and Energy Institute data for earlier years. OWID's [Electricity mix (solar) chart](https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-solar): "Electricity data from 2000 onwards (and from 1990 onwards for European countries, including Turkey) comes from Ember. Earlier data comes from the Energy Institute."

## Licence and reuse terms

- **Our World in Data's own work** (its processing, compilation and code) is [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/): "All data, visualizations, and code produced by Our World in Data are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license." OWID also states: "All data produced by third-party providers and made available by Our World in Data are subject to the license terms from the original providers." (both quoted from the [chart page](https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-solar), checked 2026-11-07).
- **Ember** (2000 onward in this series): Ember's site footer states "All content is released under a Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC-BY-4.0)." The [Yearly Electricity Data](https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/) page carries no separate dataset licence beyond that footer (checked 2026-11-07). Attribute as: Ember, Yearly Electricity Data.
- **Energy Institute, Statistical Review of World Energy** (before 2000 in this series): reuse terms **not verified** — energyinst.org refused automated requests (HTTP 403) on 2026-11-07. Attribute as: Energy Institute, Statistical Review of World Energy; check its terms before reusing pre-2000 values beyond this post.

## Citation

> Our World in Data (2026). Energy dataset, `owid-energy-data.csv`, retrieved 2026-11-02 from https://github.com/owid/energy-data. Based on Ember, Yearly Electricity Data, and Energy Institute, Statistical Review of World Energy. OWID compilation CC BY 4.0; underlying data subject to the original providers' terms. World rows extracted by DataHub/DataPressr.

## Transformations and derived values

All figures in the post are either values read directly from the CSV (generation in TWh, shares in percent) or simple differences and ratios of them, computed by `calculate.py`:

- one-year rise = value in year *t* minus value in year *t − 1*;
- solar's share of 2025 growth = solar's 2025 rise ÷ total generation's 2025 rise;
- wind's share of 2025 growth and the solar + wind combined share, likewise;
- "everything else" = total rise minus solar's and wind's rises (a net figure: fossil fell while hydro, nuclear and others changed);
- fossil generation (TWh) = fossil share (%) × total generation ÷ 100, since the dataset has no fossil TWh column; the resulting 2024→2025 change (about −41 TWh, −0.2%) is small;
- solar's lead over wind = solar ÷ wind − 1;
- the fossil-share peak is the maximum of `fossil_share_elec_pct` over 1985–2025.

Everything is generation (electricity produced), not installed capacity. 2025 is the latest year in the source and may be revised.