{
  "name": "s-and-p-500",
  "title": "Standard and Poor's (S&P) 500 Index Data including Dividend, Earnings and P/E Ratio",
  "description": "Monthly S&P 500 index data from January 1871 to the present, sourced from Robert Shiller's dataset and extended with recent price data from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (FRED). Includes nominal and inflation-adjusted price, dividend, earnings, CPI, 10-year interest rate, and the Shiller CAPE (PE10) ratio.",
  "licenses": [
    {
      "name": "ODC-PDDL-1.0",
      "path": "https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/pddl/",
      "title": "Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication and License v1.0"
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "Robert Shiller",
      "path": "http://www.econ.yale.edu/~shiller/data.htm",
      "title": "Robert Shiller"
    },
    {
      "name": "Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (FRED)",
      "path": "https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/SP500",
      "title": "S&P 500 Index (FRED)"
    }
  ],
  "contributors": [
    {
      "title": "Rufus Pollock",
      "email": "rufus.pollock@okfn.org",
      "role": "maintainer"
    }
  ],
  "keywords": [
    "Indicator",
    "Economics",
    "Prices",
    "Stocks",
    "Stock Market",
    "US"
  ],
  "resources": [
    {
      "path": "data/data.csv",
      "schema": {
        "fields": [
          {
            "type": "date",
            "name": "Date",
            "format": "default",
            "description": "First day of each month in ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD). All dates are set to the 1st of the month."
          },
          {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "Level ('price') of the S&P 500 index",
            "name": "SP500"
          },
          {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "Dividend per share (monthly, annualised)",
            "name": "Dividend"
          },
          {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "Earnings per share (monthly, annualised)",
            "name": "Earnings"
          },
          {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "Consumer Price Index (CPI-U); pre-1913 spliced from Warren-Pearson price index",
            "name": "Consumer Price Index"
          },
          {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "10 year interest rate (gov bonds)",
            "name": "Long Interest Rate"
          },
          {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "Inflation-adjusted S&P 500 price in January 2000 dollars",
            "name": "Real Price"
          },
          {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "Inflation-adjusted dividend per share in January 2000 dollars",
            "name": "Real Dividend"
          },
          {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "Inflation-adjusted earnings per share in January 2000 dollars",
            "name": "Real Earnings"
          },
          {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "Cyclically Adjusted Price Earnings Ratio P/E10 or CAPE. Values are 0.0 for 1871-01 through 1880-12 (the first 120 months) because computing PE10 requires 10 years of trailing real earnings history. Values are also 0.0 for FRED-only extension rows beyond the Shiller dataset.",
            "name": "PE10"
          }
        ]
      },
      "name": "data",
      "description": "Monthly S&P 500 index data from 1871 to present, including price, dividend, earnings, CPI, interest rate, inflation-adjusted values, and the Shiller CAPE (PE10) ratio. Recent months beyond the Shiller dataset are extended with FRED price data; for those rows only SP500 is populated and all other fields are 0."
    }
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "title": "S&P 500 Companies",
      "path": "/core/s-and-p-500-companies",
      "publisher": "core",
      "formats": [
        "CSV",
        "JSON"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "S&P 500 Companies with Financial Information",
      "path": "/core/s-and-p-500-companies-financials",
      "publisher": "core",
      "formats": [
        "CSV",
        "JSON"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "VIX - CBOE Volatility Index",
      "path": "/core/finance-vix",
      "publisher": "core",
      "formats": [
        "CSV",
        "JSON"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "NYSE and Other Listings",
      "path": "/core/nyse-other-listings",
      "publisher": "core",
      "formats": [
        "CSV",
        "JSON"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "views": [
    {
      "name": "real-vs-nominal",
      "title": "S&P 500: Real vs Nominal Price (1871–present)",
      "description": "Nominal S&P 500 index vs inflation-adjusted (real) price in January 2000 dollars. On a log scale, the long-run real return is visible as a steady upward trend, while the nominal line accelerates sharply post-1980. Major drawdowns — 1929, 1973, 2000, 2008 — appear as dips in both series.",
      "resources": ["data"],
      "specType": "plot",
      "spec": {
        "dateFields": ["Date"],
        "filter": { "field": "Real Price", "gte": 1 },
        "height": 420,
        "marginLeft": 70,
        "x": { "label": null },
        "y": { "label": "Index Level — log scale (data spans 3 orders of magnitude)", "type": "log", "tickFormat": ",.0f", "grid": true },
        "marks": [
          {
            "type": "line",
            "x": "Date", "y": "SP500", "stroke": "#1d4ed8",
            "strokeWidth": 1.5, "tip": true
          },
          {
            "type": "line",
            "x": "Date", "y": "Real Price", "stroke": "#dc2626",
            "strokeWidth": 1.5, "tip": true
          },
          {
            "type": "text",
            "staticData": [{ "x": "1960-01-01", "y": 52, "label": "Nominal" }],
            "x": "x", "y": "y", "text": "label",
            "fill": "#1d4ed8", "fontSize": 12, "fontWeight": "600", "textAnchor": "start"
          },
          {
            "type": "text",
            "staticData": [{ "x": "1960-01-01", "y": 420, "label": "Real (inflation-adj.)" }],
            "x": "x", "y": "y", "text": "label",
            "fill": "#dc2626", "fontSize": 12, "fontWeight": "600", "textAnchor": "start"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "cape-ratio",
      "title": "Shiller CAPE Ratio (PE10) — S&P 500 Valuation",
      "description": "The cyclically adjusted price-to-earnings ratio (CAPE or PE10) smooths out earnings cycles by using 10-year average real earnings. Readings above 25 have historically preceded major corrections: 1929 (peaked ~33), 2000 dot-com bubble (peaked ~44), 2022 (~38). The long-run average is ~17.",
      "resources": ["data"],
      "specType": "plot",
      "spec": {
        "dateFields": ["Date"],
        "filter": { "field": "PE10", "gte": 1 },
        "height": 380,
        "marginLeft": 55,
        "x": { "label": null },
        "y": { "label": "CAPE Ratio", "grid": true },
        "marks": [
          {
            "type": "ruleY",
            "staticData": [{ "y": 25 }],
            "y": "y", "stroke": "#f97316", "strokeDasharray": "4,4", "tip": false
          },
          {
            "type": "ruleY",
            "staticData": [{ "y": 17 }],
            "y": "y", "stroke": "#9ca3af", "strokeDasharray": "4,4", "tip": false
          },
          {
            "type": "line",
            "x": "Date", "y": "PE10",
            "stroke": "#374151", "strokeWidth": 1.5, "tip": true
          },
          {
            "type": "text",
            "staticData": [{ "x": "1920-01-01", "y": 26.5, "label": "Overvalued (>25)" }],
            "x": "x", "y": "y", "text": "label",
            "fill": "#f97316", "fontSize": 11, "textAnchor": "start"
          },
          {
            "type": "text",
            "staticData": [{ "x": "1920-01-01", "y": 18.5, "label": "Historical avg (~17)" }],
            "x": "x", "y": "y", "text": "label",
            "fill": "#9ca3af", "fontSize": 11, "textAnchor": "start"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "graph",
      "resourceName": "data",
      "title": "Level ('price') of the S&P 500 index",
      "specType": "simple",
      "spec": { "type": "line", "group": "Date", "series": ["SP500"] }
    }
  ],
  "collection": "stock-market-data"
}